Interesting topic, decided to do some digging to find out why exactly they determined
Activated Carbon as a Cause of Head and Lateral Line Erosion (HLLE) in Marine Aquarium Fishes. I am not using tradition citation in this quick analysis as it is just a PITA.
http://www.coralmagazine-us.com/content/activated-carbon-hlle-smoking-gun-foundCarbon dust exposure to humans can cause many issues
http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/chemicals/chem_profiles/carbonbl/health_cb.htmlSo trying to determine why carbon dust would affect certain Marine Aquarium Fishes. A quick theory following some brief research could be what is cited in this article.
http://www.aquaticeco.com/pages/full_width/111/Activated-Carbon-in-AquacultureQuote; "Activated carbon will adsorb the following from water: chlorine and some chloramines, many dissolved organic contaminants, trihalomethanes (THM) and phenolics, total organic carbon (TOC), oil and hydrocarbon contamination, ozone, bromic acid and total organic halogens (TOX), adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) including chloroform, colors, pesticides, odors and more. Activated carbon will also reduce biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD)."
Here is my theory, Carbon Fines in the water is not the cause in and of itself, I believe that if further research was performed at more of a microscopic and microchemical level it may be found that Carbon Fines are the transport mechanism for the build up of what is absorbed by the Carbon Fines. Once the Carbon Fines are introduced into the fishes metabolism, the fishes body then absorbs all of what is listed above; chlorine and some chloramines, many dissolved organic contaminants, trihalomethanes (THM) and phenolics, total organic carbon (TOC), oil and hydrocarbon contamination, ozone, bromic acid and total organic halogens (TOX), adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) including chloroform, colors, pesticides, odors and more. Activated carbon will also reduce biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD).
This may cause an autoimmune response from the body of the fish to destroying its own cellular makup or the contaminants actually destroying the cellular makup of the fish....
Again, this is just a hypothesis but I neither have the time, money or resources to attempt to test.
Todd